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Money words

Shortage

When people want to buy more of something than sellers have, usually because the price is too low.

Supply and demand
Prices tend to rise when people want more of something than is available, and fall when there's more than people want.
Supply
How much of something sellers are willing to sell at each price. When the price goes up, sellers usually offer more.
Demand
How much of something people want to buy at each price. When the price goes up, people usually buy less.
Equilibrium price
The price where the amount people want to buy equals the amount sellers want to sell.
Surplus
When sellers have more of something than people want to buy, usually because the price is too high.

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